Effects of different periodization models on rate of force development and power ability of the upper extremity.

The purpose of our study was to compare the effects of 2 different periodization models on strength and power variables under dynamic and static conditions in the bench press. Participants of the experimental groups were male sport students experienced in weight training (age: 23.98 +/- 3.14 yr). Subjects were tested for the 1 repetition maximum (1RM) in the bench press, maximal movement velocity (Vmax) in the bench press throw (16.9 kg), maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), and maximal rate of force development (MRFD) in 90 degrees elbow and shoulder angle in the isometric bench press. According to their 1RM, subjects were parallelized and assigned to 1 of either 2 training groups: strength-power periodization (SPP, n = 13) or daily undulating periodization (DUP, n = 14). Subjects trained for 14 weeks, 3 days per week. In the strength-power sessions, both groups were instructed to lift the weight as explosively as possible. In addition, a control group (n = 13) was used for comparison. One repetition maximum and Vmax improved significantly through training (p <or= 0.05), with no significant changes in MVC and MRFD. Experimental groups showed no significant group differences in any variable. The results indicate that, in short-term training using previously trained subjects, no differences in 1RM and power are seen between DUP and SPP. As used in our undulating regime, additional training in strength endurance could lead to exhaustion effects and furthermore does not provide an adequate training stimulus for power because of its low training intensity. In spite of this, according to the present findings, it has no negative effect on the application of a neural stimulus that is needed for a strength-power session if adequate regeneration time between workouts is guaranteed.